澳大利亚的天然气行业发展情况

来源：澳能源信息中心

天然气是继澳大利亚煤炭和铀之后的第三大能源资源。澳大利亚每年280亿美元的石油和天然气工业贡献了澳大利亚一次能源的58％，澳大利亚国内生产总值的2.5％，以及近90亿美元的直接税收。

传统上，“非常规”气藏的定义是需要比正常技术更多的天然气积聚，以证明其商业潜力或提取天然气。澳大利亚的能源消耗正在下降，能源生产和供应量继续增长。

自50年前在库珀盆地地区首次商业开发以来，天然气在澳大利亚的能源组合中发挥了不可或缺的作用。从那时起，澳大利亚，新西兰和新几内亚已经开发了14,000多口油气井，不仅提供能源，还提供数千个就业机会。

今天，澳大利亚国内天然气产量增加了3.5％，达到创纪录的1102PJ，而石油产量增加了6％，达到5.12亿桶油当量（MMboe）。澳大利亚每年280亿美元的石油和天然气工业贡献了澳大利亚一次能源的58％，澳大利亚国内生产总值的2.5％，以及近90亿美元的直接税收。由于煤层气（CSG）和页岩开发，这些数字将继续增加。

在澳大利亚，目前使用的天然气约有20％来自南玻，而在昆士兰等地，南玻占其天然气消费量的70％。昆士兰州和新南威尔士州的页岩开发已经初具规模。美国能源信息署（US EIA）估计，澳大利亚“技术上可采收的”页岩气资源量为396万亿立方英尺（tcf）或足够的天然气，以满足未来396年澳大利亚目前的天然气需求。

澳大利亚学术委员会指出：“澳大利亚很有可能发现大量的页岩气，这将有助于确保没有天然气短缺。”由于水力压裂，这些新的页岩资源已经解锁;自1958年以来，西澳大利亚已经采用了一种方法。

Key facts

• Natural gas is Australia’s third largest energy resource after coal and uranium.

• Australia’s $28 billion per year oil and gas industry contributes 58% of Australia’s primary energy, 2.5% of Australia’s gross domestic product, and almost $9 billion in direct tax payments.

• ‘Unconventional’ gas deposits are traditionally defined as gas accumulations that require more technology than normal to either prove their commercial potential or extract the gas.

• While Australia’s energy consumption is falling, energy production and supply continues to grow.

History of natural gas in Australia

It has played an integral role in Australia’s energy portfolio since it was first commercially developed 50 years ago in the Cooper Basin region.

Since that time, over 14,000 oil and gas wells have been developed in Australia, New Zealand, and Papa New Guinea providing not only energy but thousands of jobs.

Today, Australian domestic gas production has increased by 3.5 per cent to a record 1102PJ, while petroleum production rose by 6 per cent to 512 million barrels of oil equivalent (MMboe).

Australia’s $28 billion per year oil and gas industry contributes 58% of Australia’s primary energy, 2.5% of Australia’s gross domestic product, and almost $9 billion in direct tax payments. Thanks to coal seam gas (CSG) and shale development these numbers will continue to increase.

In Australia, approximately 20% of natural gas currently being used comes from CSG, while in areas such as Queensland CSG makes up 70% of the natural gas consumed by its residents.  West of Queensland and New South Wales, shale development is beginning to take shape.  The US Energy Information Administration (US EIA) estimates that ‘technically recoverable’ shale gas resources in Australia are 396 trillion cubic feet (tcf) or enough natural gas to meet Australia’s current natural gas needs for the next 396 years.

As noted by the Australian Council of Learned Academies,  “It is very likely that abundant shale gas will be found in Australia and this will help to ensure that there is no gas shortage.” These new shale resources have been unlocked thanks to hydraulic fracturing; a process has been used in Western Australia since 1958.

The safe and responsible development of our natural gas resources will continue put Australia on the right path.

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http://www.energyresourceinformationcentre.org.au/natural-gas/natural-gas-in-australia/